Frequency of Major Types of Manifest Strabismus among Patients of Age Group 1 to 25 Years Presented toBenazir Bhutto Hospital Rawalpindi

Abstract

Aim: To find out the occurrence of different types of manifest strabismus in
patients among the age group of (1-25 years) attending ophthalmology out-patient

department at Benazir Bhutto Hospital Rawalpindi. Study Design: This was a cross-
sectional study conducted within the time period of four months (Sep 2015 to Dec 2015).

Methods: By using Consecutive sampling technique, a total of 150 strabismus patients were
examined. Detailed evaluation of strabismus was carried out which included Visual Acuity
measurement with Snellen chart and Lea symbols or assessed qualitatively through light
fixation and follow; and by performing Cover tests and Krimsky tests. All the tests were
carried out with and without glasses, and at near and distance both. Cycloplegic refraction
was done on children, by dilating them with 1% cyclopentolate eyedrops. Data was
recorded on a Performa. Results: Overall occurrence of manifest strabismus was found to
be 3.9%, with much greater frequency of Comitant type. 48.48% had ET out of which
51.56% was Accommodative ET, followed by 42.19% Constant ET & 6.25% Infantile ET.
51.51% had XT out of which 69.12% was Constant XT followed by 30.88% Intermittent
XT. No pure vertical deviations were seen but 11.33% patients had co-existing vertical
deviations with horizontal deviations. Conclusion: Comitant strabismus is more occurring
than incomitant, with ET and XT having almost same proportion. Mostly occurring types
are Accommodative ET, Constant ET, Constant XT and Intermittent XT. Amblyopia and
refractive errors are often associated with it.